作者簡介：趙浪，中共黨員，昭一中優(yōu)秀教師。參加工作以來，獲市級和校級多次獎勵。在第十五屆全國初中英語教師基本功大賽中論文評比榮獲三等獎；曾參與編寫《廣東中考大考卷》系列叢書、廣東人民出版社發(fā)行的《名師指津》（愛瘋英語）2021年高效備考新模式、《課課擊破》選擇性必修一、選擇性必修四同步指導(dǎo)用書，連續(xù)多次被評為年度優(yōu)秀編委。

一、考查意圖

根據(jù)英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，此題型旨在考查學(xué)生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。換言之，學(xué)生在解題過程中需做到語篇語意連貫、語言形式一致。

二、解題策略

“七選五”解題的關(guān)鍵：銜接手段（詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接）

（一）詞匯銜接：主要是指詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞銜接。

詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)：復(fù)現(xiàn)是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。

代詞銜接：英語表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題，如：it、they、this、these等。

高考鏈接：

例①（2020全國卷Ⅱ）Keep track of how you are feeling

38 This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms(癥狀)and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.

C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.

D. Before your doctor's visit， keep notes on how you are feeling.

解析：觀察選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)D中的“how you are feeling”與小標(biāo)題中的“how you are feeling”屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。將答案代入原文，前后語義銜接緊密，故選D項(xiàng)。

例②（2020全國卷Ⅱ）

Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office，write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____40____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question，ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.

A. This will make getting answers easier.

B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.

C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.

D. Before your doctor's visit，keep notes on how you are feeling.

解析：本段信息的主題詞是“questions”，問題肯定和“answers”相聯(lián)系。再由“To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office，write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment. ”可知，將問題寫下來并將問題清單帶給醫(yī)生，這樣(this)做能更容易地得到答案，和上一句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。此題是根據(jù)代詞銜接解題。

（二）邏輯銜接

邏輯銜接：根據(jù)空格句與上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系來解題，如解釋關(guān)系(對前句或?qū)χ黝}的進(jìn)一步解釋)、并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系等。

例③（2021全國乙卷)

If you can’t take their wine away，you should certainly try to take away their

soapbox（講臺）. If you’re the host，you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something

and just remove them from the situation? ? ?39? ? ?.

E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say

F.What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking

G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most

解析：本段主要是為解決“喝太多酒或一直說個不停”這個問題提供方法。根據(jù)上文“如果你是主人，你可以讓他們到廚房幫你做點(diǎn)什么，只是為了讓他們擺脫那種情景）” E 項(xiàng)“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把談話變成他們沒什么可說的話題）”是提出的另一個解決辦法，承接上文，符合題意。故選E 項(xiàng)。

小結(jié)：邏輯銜接常常包括以下4種關(guān)系

1.并列關(guān)系。關(guān)聯(lián)詞：and、also、first、second、third；for one thing、for another thing；some、others、still others……

2.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。常見關(guān)聯(lián)詞：however、yet、but、although、on the contrary……

3.解釋關(guān)系。常見關(guān)聯(lián)詞：in other words、that is to say、namely……

4.因果關(guān)系。常見關(guān)聯(lián)詞：because、for、so、therefore、thus、as a result……

（三）結(jié)構(gòu)銜接

根據(jù)設(shè)空位置確定不同的解題策略：

標(biāo)題句：短小精悍。線索詞：多為名詞性短語、祈使句。

段首句：段落主題句（段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句）；段落間的過渡句（前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來）。

段末句：結(jié)論概括句（結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容，查找相同詞、同義詞或其他相關(guān)的信息詞，從而最終概括出結(jié)論句）；承上啟下句（結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭句，看是否與選項(xiàng)句緊密聯(lián)系起來，以此判斷是否是承上啟下句）。

例④標(biāo)題句（2020全國新高考Ⅱ卷)

●? ? ??39? ? ? ?

Your medical history is a list of your illnesses，treatments，what the doctors told you to do，and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also，if you are allergic（過敏）to any medicines，be sure to mention that to your doctor.

●Ask questions.

Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office，write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.

D. Before your doctor's visit， keep notes on how you are feeling.

E. Remember，your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.

F. Bring your medical history，including a list of your current medicines.

解析：本段的主題詞是 “medical history”，故選F項(xiàng)作為小標(biāo)題。

作者：趙 浪